Today, English is one of several official languages in India, spoken by about 10% of the population. Hindi is the first language for around 44% of citizens, according to the 2011 census.
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But in recent years, Modi’s BJP has placed particular emphasis on promoting Hindi and reducing the use of English in public life.
The prime minister almost never delivers speeches in English, preferring Hindi for national addresses such as his monthly radio program. His administration has encouraged officials to use Hindi on social media and in government correspondence though, after criticism from non-Hindi-speaking states, clarified that this was intended mainly for the Hindi belt in the north.
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When India hosted world leaders for the 2023 G20 summit in New Delhi, invitations were sent out from “Bharat” the Sanskrit or Hindi name for the country instead of “India,” fueling speculation that the government aims to ultimately phase out the country’s English designation altogether.
Modi’s critics have been quick to note his political motives behind these moves.
With its roots in the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing organization that advocates Hindu hegemony within India, the BJP’s language policies resonate with many in a country where nearly 80% of people are Hindu.
Analysts say the BJP is seeking to capitalize on this demographic by promoting language policies that strengthen its support base in the north.
According to Rita Kothari, an English professor from Ashoka University, the government “is certainly interested in homogenizing the country and making Hindi more widespread.”
But that policy can also backfire in part because many regions, such as Marathi-speaking Maharashtra in the west are staunchly proud of their local language.
The violent clashes in the state’s megacity Mumbai earlier this month were sparked by the regional government’s controversial decision to make Hindi a compulsory third language in public primary schools.
Pushback and protest has also been especially strong in the south, where English and regional languages such as Tamil, Telugu, and Kannada are valued as symbols of local identity and autonomy.
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Покупка готового проекта дома или заказ индивидуального важный этап, который помогает определить будущий внешний вид и внутреннюю планировку. Проекты одноэтажных домов из газобетона пользуются популярностью благодаря своей простоте и удобству эксплуатации. Также востребованы проекты двухэтажных домов, которые позволяют максимально эффективно использовать площадь участка и создать комфортное пространство для семьи.
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проекты домов загородных
Строительство домов под ключ включает в себя не только возведение стен, но и монтаж коммуникаций, отделочные работы и подготовку территории. Цена на строительство зависит от выбранных материалов, сложности проекта и региона. В Подмосковье и Москве строительство домов под ключ становится особенно актуальным благодаря развитию инфраструктуры и удобству транспортной доступности. В этих регионах активно реализуются проекты домов из газобетона, а также коттеджи с отделкой и коммуникациями.
Для тех, кто планирует финансировать строительство, доступны различные программы ипотеки, включая семейную ипотеку и ипотеку с господдержкой. Такие условия позволяют значительно снизить финансовую нагрузку и сделать строительство более доступным. Ипотека на строительство дома в Московской области или Москве помогает реализовать мечту о собственном доме без необходимости сразу иметь крупную сумму.
Стоимость строительства дома зависит от его типа, площади и выбранных материалов. Например, строительство дома из газобетона или из блоков обычно обходится дешевле, чем монолитное или кирпичное сооружение, однако при этом обеспечивает хорошую теплоизоляцию и долговечность. Важно учитывать, что цена включает не только возведение стен, но и отделочные работы, коммуникации, подключение к инженерным системам и благоустройство территории.
Заказать проект дома можно как у специализированных компаний, так и через онлайн-платформы, что позволяет выбрать оптимальный вариант по цене и дизайну. В Москве и Подмосковье существует множество предложений по строительству домов под ключ с отделкой и коммуникациями, что значительно сокращает сроки и упрощает процесс для заказчика. Построить дом в Подмосковье или Москве это реальная возможность создать уютное семейное гнездо, которое будет служить долгие годы.
Загородные дома и коттеджи пользуются популярностью у тех, кто ценит комфорт и уединение. Строительство домов из газобетона или из блоков это современное решение, сочетающее в себе экономичность и качество. Важно выбрать проверенного подрядчика, который сможет обеспечить соблюдение сроков и качество работ. В итоге, строительство дома под ключ это инвестиция в будущее, которая приносит радость и уверенность в завтрашнем дне.
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They are the two most populous countries in the world and neighbors clamoring for more tourists, but for much of the last five years it has been difficult for Indian and Chinese nationals to vacation in each other’s nations.
Now that looks set to finally change as previous fractious relations between the two Asian giants finally begin to thaw.
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порно жесткий секс
India will issue tourist visas for Chinese citizens for the first time in five years, allowing nationals from its neighboring country to freely visit each other, marking a significant reset in relations after a deadly border clash sent ties into a deep freeze.
From Thursday, July 24, Chinese citizens can apply for tourist visas to India, the Indian embassy in Beijing said Wednesday.
This “positive news” is in the “common interests of all parties,” China’s foreign spokesperson Guo Jiakun said. “China is willing to maintain communication and consultation with India to continuously improve the level of facilitation of personnel exchanges between the two countries.”
There has been a gradual normalization of ties between India and China in recent months after relations were deeply strained in June 2020, when a brutal hand-to-hand battle in the Galwan Valley left at least 20 Indian and four Chinese soldiers dead.
Both nations maintain a heavy military presence along their 2,100-mile (3,379-kilometer) de facto border, known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC) a boundary that remains undefined and has been a persistent source of friction since their bloody 1962 war.
The 2020 clash in the disputed region between Indian Ladakh and Chinese-controlled Aksai Chin marked the first deadly confrontation along India and China’s disputed border in more than 40 years.
The Emirati photographer, who had spent eight years studying in Australia, returned to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in 2013. He’d missed a real estate boom of dizzying proportions: not just new buildings, but new districts.
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More than that, the buildings of his childhood were disappearing, replaced by shiny new skyscrapers.
But for AlMoosawi, these international icons were not the urban fabric of his home: it was the oft-overlooked, mid-century office towers and residential blocks squeezed between new highways and overshadowed by luxury developments that felt most familiar.
It sparked a desire to “understand the urban context of the UAE,” and AlMoosawi set out to meticulously document and capture these underappreciated buildings, “and reimagine the city as if it were the ‘80s, the time when I was born.”
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Initially focusing on industrial landscapes, temporary structures and air conditioning units, he began to notice symmetry in many of the buildings he was photographing, inspiring his current project: facades.
“Facades are like a face,” said AlMoosawi. “It’s something that people connect with.”
His bold, geometric images strip away context to spotlight the character and diversity of everyday buildings. Using a telephoto lens to shoot close-ups from the ground or elevated positions, AlMoosawi carefully frames out distractions and sometimes removes minor obstructions like lampposts in post-processing.
So far, the 41-year-old, who is editor-in-chief for National Geographic AlArabiya Magazine, has photographed over 600 building?s across the UAE, and next year hopes to complete his collection in Abu Dhabi, where he lives.
In the long term, he hopes to turn the “lifetime project” into an interactive archive that both preserves urban heritage and invites viewers to rediscover their own city.
“Our cities aren’t big, in terms of scale, compared to many other cities,” said AlMoosawi. “But then they have a story to tell, they have things between the lines that we don’t see, and my quest is to see these things.”
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